Breathtaking World of Biodiversity: Top 6 UNESCO Eco-Tourism Gold in the Philippines!
When we speak of biodiversity, we are referring to the variety of life found in a particular habitat or ecosystem. It encompasses all living organisms—plants, animals, fungi, and even microorganisms—interacting with each other in balanced, interconnected systems. The Philippines, known for its vast natural treasures, is blessed with numerous ecosystems that are home to a wide variety of species, many of which are found nowhere else in the world. This exceptional natural wealth has earned the Philippines several UNESCO Biosphere Reserves, which are areas designated to promote conservation, sustainable development, and the preservation of cultural diversity.
These reserves are unique landscapes where human activities coexist harmoniously with nature, fostering a mutually beneficial relationship between people and the environment. A UNESCO Biosphere Reserve is an area recognized under UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere Programme. These reserves are models for balancing the conservation of biodiversity with sustainable economic development, involving the local communities who call these regions home.
To earn this status, a site must demonstrate exceptional biodiversity, have an effective management system in place, involve local people in conservation and sustainable development efforts, and serve as a hub for scientific research and environmental education. Now, let’s explore the stunning biosphere reserves of the Philippines in greater detail and understand what makes them so special.
1. Verde Island Passage: The Center of Marine Biodiversity
A Marine Haven: Biodiversity and Cultural History
The Verde Island Passage (VIP) is known globally as the “Center of Marine Biodiversity” due to the staggering variety of marine species found in its waters. Located between the islands of Luzon and Mindoro, this marine corridor hosts over 1,700 species of fish and more than 300 species of coral. It’s one of the most biodiverse marine areas on the planet. Among its inhabitants are gentle giants like whale sharks, numerous species of rays, and vibrant schools of reef fish.
Diving here is like stepping into a living, breathing underwater kaleidoscope of life, where even the most experienced divers are left in awe of its beauty. Researchers regularly flock to the Verde Island Passage to study its intricate ecosystems, which are still revealing new species to science.
But biodiversity in the Verde Island Passage extends beyond marine life. Its surrounding coastal communities have a deep-rooted cultural connection to the sea. Fishing is the main livelihood, passed down through generations, and plays a central role in local traditions and day-to-day life. The people here have long respected the bounty of the sea, relying on sustainable practices to ensure that both marine life and their way of life continue to thrive.
Conservation Efforts and Challenges: Balancing Livelihood and Preservation
Despite its rich biodiversity, the Verde Island Passage faces many threats, primarily due to human activities. Overfishing, plastic pollution, and the pressures of industrialization—particularly from shipping lanes and nearby ports—pose significant challenges to conservation. To mitigate these risks, several marine protected areas (MPAs) have been established within the Verde Island Passage.
These MPAs help limit human activities in certain areas to allow marine ecosystems to recover and thrive. Fishermen are encouraged to participate in community-based conservation efforts, often trained as reef rangers who help monitor and protect local reefs.
However, the challenge of balancing conservation with the needs of local communities remains. Fishing is a critical source of income for many families, and while sustainable fishing practices are encouraged, ensuring everyone adheres to these regulations is not always easy. Ongoing education and community involvement are essential in overcoming these challenges. Fortunately, partnerships between NGOs, local governments, and international conservation groups have shown positive results, slowly but surely moving towards a more sustainable future for the region.
Exploring Verde Island Passage: Dive into Eco-Tourism and Scenic Adventures
For tourists, the Verde Island Passage offers some of the best diving spots in the world. Anilao, located in Batangas, serves as a gateway to this underwater paradise and is known for its crystal-clear waters, vibrant coral reefs, and abundance of marine life. Whether you’re a seasoned diver or a curious beginner, Anilao offers an unparalleled diving experience where you can swim with sea turtles, rays, and schools of tropical fish. Non-divers can explore the beauty of the region through island-hopping tours that offer scenic views of lush coastal landscapes, hidden beaches, and picturesque fishing villages.
Food lovers will be delighted with Batangas’ local cuisine. Be sure to try lomi, a hearty noodle soup known for its rich, thick broth and generous serving of meat and vegetables. The region’s thriving fishing industry also means fresh seafood is always on the menu. As for souvenirs, look for handwoven baskets and home décor items made from coconut husks, showcasing the ingenuity of the local artisans.
Accessibility and Visitor Guidelines: When and How to Visit
Verde Island Passage is relatively easy to access, with Batangas City serving as the main entry point. From Manila, Batangas is just a few hours away by car or bus. Once in Batangas City, visitors can arrange boat trips to the islands or dive centers. The best time to visit the area is during the dry season, which runs from November to May. During this time, the waters are calm, making it perfect for diving, snorkeling, and island-hopping. Visitors are reminded to respect the marine ecosystem, avoid touching corals, and follow all local guidelines to ensure that the beauty and biodiversity of the Verde Island Passage remain intact for future generations.
2. Palawan Biosphere Reserve: Nature’s Last Frontier
A Biodiversity Haven: Palawan’s Rich Ecosystem and Cultural Heritage
Palawan is often referred to as the “Last Frontier” of the Philippines due to its untouched natural beauty and incredibly rich biodiversity. This archipelagic province is a treasure trove of unique ecosystems—from its sprawling rainforests to its stunning coastlines and mangrove forests. The Palawan Biosphere Reserve hosts countless endemic species, including the Palawan bearcat, the Philippine pangolin, and the vibrant Palawan peacock-pheasant. Its rivers and coastal areas teem with life, including saltwater crocodiles and the endangered dugong.
The surrounding seas are equally diverse, with coral reefs teeming with colorful marine life, from tiny clownfish to majestic reef sharks.The cultural diversity of Palawan is equally impressive. Indigenous groups like the Tagbanua and Batak people have lived in harmony with nature for centuries, relying on the land and sea for their livelihoods.
These indigenous groups have deep-rooted traditions of sustainable farming, fishing, and foraging, using only what they need and ensuring that natural resources are preserved for future generations. Their rich cultural heritage is a testament to the connection between people and nature that the Palawan Biosphere Reserve seeks to maintain.
Conservation Efforts and Ongoing Challenges: Safeguarding Palawan’s Future
As one of the Philippines’ most ecologically important regions, Palawan has become the focus of numerous conservation efforts. The Palawan Council for Sustainable Development (PCSD) plays a key role in managing the island’s resources, ensuring that its ecosystems are protected while allowing sustainable development. One of the most well-known conservation programs in Palawan is the protection of the Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
This massive marine protected area is crucial for the preservation of coral reefs and marine biodiversity, serving as a refuge for endangered species and a source of food and income for local communities. However, Palawan faces several challenges, including illegal logging, mining, and unsustainable tourism practices. While tourism is vital to the local economy, its rapid growth has strained the region’s natural resources. Hotels, resorts, and infrastructure developments often lead to deforestation and pollution.
To combat these issues, there is a growing movement towards responsible eco-tourism, encouraging visitors to experience Palawan’s beauty without leaving a negative impact. Programs such as the “Pawikan Watch” involve locals and tourists in protecting sea turtles, contributing to both wildlife conservation and public awareness.
Palawan’s Eco-Tourism and Scenic Gems: Adventures Await
For nature lovers and adventurers, Palawan offers a wide array of eco-tourism activities. The Puerto Princesa Subterranean River is one of the most popular attractions. This UNESCO World Heritage Site features a navigable underground river that flows through limestone caves adorned with stunning rock formations. Kayaking through the tranquil waters of El Nido, with its limestone cliffs and crystal-clear lagoons, is another must-do activity.
For those seeking more remote experiences, the Calamian Islands offer secluded beaches, abundant marine life, and the unique chance to explore shipwrecks from World War II.Palawan’s cuisine is equally memorable, offering a variety of unique dishes that reflect the island’s cultural and natural richness. The daring can try tamilok, a local delicacy made from woodworms, while those looking for something more familiar can enjoy kinilaw, a Filipino version of ceviche made from fresh seafood marinated in vinegar and citrus.
Visitors should also take the opportunity to buy traditional crafts made by the island’s indigenous groups. Hand-carved wooden items and woven baskets are popular souvenirs, often made from sustainably sourced local materials.
Getting There and the Best Time to Explore Palawan
Palawan is well connected to the rest of the Philippines, with daily flights available to Puerto Princesa and El Nido from major cities like Manila and Cebu. Once in Palawan, visitors can easily arrange tours and transport to different parts of the province. The best time to visit Palawan is from November to June, when the weather is dry and ideal for outdoor adventures. However, visitors are reminded to adhere to local environmental guidelines, such as minimizing plastic use, respecting wildlife, and staying on designated trails, to help preserve Palawan’s natural beauty for future generations.
3. Albay Biosphere Reserve: Home of the Majestic Mayon Volcano
Thriving Biodiversity and Cultural Wealth Beneath the Volcano
Located in the Bicol region of Luzon, the Albay Biosphere Reserve is home to one of the Philippines’ most iconic landmarks—the Mayon Volcano. This active stratovolcano, with its perfectly symmetrical cone, dominates the landscape, but the surrounding ecosystems are equally impressive. The region is rich in biodiversity, featuring lush rainforests, mangroves, and coastal areas that serve as habitats for numerous species. The forests of Albay are home to animals such as the Philippine deer, the Philippine eagle, and a variety of endemic bird species.
Meanwhile, the coastal areas are teeming with marine life, including mangrove crabs and fish that support the livelihoods of local communities. Culturally, Albay is a region with deep historical and spiritual significance. The local people, known as Albayanos, have lived for generations in harmony with the environment, despite the risks posed by the nearby volcano.
Their resilience in the face of Mayon’s frequent eruptions is reflected in their vibrant festivals, traditional dances, and religious practices. Albay is also known for its rich agricultural heritage, with the cultivation of crops like abaca (Manila hemp), coconut, and pili nuts being a cornerstone of the local economy.
Conservation Efforts and Challenges: Protecting the Land and Its People
The Albay Biosphere Reserve is a unique example of how nature and human life are intertwined. Conservation efforts in the region focus on both protecting biodiversity and ensuring the safety of the communities living near Mayon Volcano. The Albay Public Safety and Emergency Management Office (APSEMO) plays a crucial role in disaster risk reduction, ensuring that local residents are prepared for potential volcanic eruptions while promoting sustainable development.
One of the main challenges faced by the Albay Biosphere Reserve is the delicate balance between environmental conservation and disaster preparedness. Mayon’s periodic eruptions, while dangerous, are a natural part of the ecosystem, replenishing the soil with nutrients that support the region’s agriculture.
However, these eruptions also pose risks to both human and animal life, requiring a unique approach to conservation that takes into account the dynamic nature of the landscape. Additionally, deforestation and urbanization have contributed to soil erosion and flooding, prompting local authorities to implement reforestation programs and sustainable land-use practices.
Eco-Tourism and Scenic Wonders: What to Do in Albay
Albay is a paradise for outdoor enthusiasts. The most popular activity is, of course, volcano trekking. Hiking up the slopes of Mayon provides breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape and offers a close-up look at the unique flora and fauna that thrive in this volcanic environment. For those less inclined to hike, the Cagsawa Ruins offer a fascinating glimpse into the region’s history, with the remnants of a church that was buried during a volcanic eruption in 1814 standing as a stark reminder of Mayon’s power.
Albay is also known for its culinary delights, with dishes like pinangat (a dish made from taro leaves and coconut milk) and laing (another taro-based dish) being local specialties. The region is also famous for pili nuts, which are harvested from native trees and used in various sweets and delicacies. Visitors can also purchase handwoven abaca products, which make for beautiful and sustainable souvenirs.
Getting There and When to Visit Albay
Albay is easily accessible by air, with daily flights to Legazpi City from Manila and other major cities. From Legazpi, visitors can arrange transport to various tourist spots in the region. The best time to visit Albay is during the dry season, from November to April, when the skies are clear, and the weather is perfect for outdoor activities. However, those interested in experiencing Albay’s cultural festivals should plan their visit around the Magayon Festival, held every May to celebrate the region’s rich cultural heritage.
4. Puerto Galera Biosphere Reserve: Gateway to Marine Wonders
Biodiversity Under the Surface and Cultural Roots
The Puerto Galera Biosphere Reserve is located on the northern coast of Mindoro Island, just a few hours away from Manila. Known for its crystal-clear waters and vibrant coral reefs, Puerto Galera is a haven for marine biodiversity. Its coral gardens are home to over 60 percent of the world’s known coral species, making it a prime spot for snorkeling and diving. The waters here teem with life, from colorful schools of fish to sea turtles, and even the occasional whale shark.
The surrounding forests, meanwhile, are home to various species of birds, butterflies, and reptiles, adding to the biodiversity of the area. The local people, known as the Mangyan, have lived in harmony with nature for centuries. Their cultural practices are deeply intertwined with the land and sea, with traditional farming, fishing, and weaving forming the backbone of their economy.
The Mangyan people have managed to preserve many of their customs and traditions, even as Puerto Galera has become a popular tourist destination. Their presence adds a rich cultural layer to the area, reminding visitors of the deep connection between biodiversity and indigenous heritage.
Conservation Efforts and Challenges in Puerto Galera
Conservation efforts in the Puerto Galera Biosphere Reserve have focused largely on protecting its rich marine ecosystems. Overfishing and pollution, particularly from plastic waste and tourism activities, have been major threats to the area’s biodiversity. To combat these issues, the local government and NGOs have implemented various conservation programs, such as establishing marine sanctuaries and promoting sustainable fishing practices.
The Sabang Bay Marine Protected Area, for example, is a designated zone where fishing and other activities are restricted to allow marine life to thrive. However, the increasing popularity of Puerto Galera as a tourist destination has brought new challenges. The influx of tourists has led to coastal development, which, in turn, has caused habitat degradation in some areas.
Waste management remains a critical issue, as the island’s infrastructure struggles to keep up with the growing number of visitors. Efforts are ongoing to promote eco-friendly tourism practices, such as encouraging visitors to use reusable items and participate in coastal clean-up activities, but more work is needed to ensure the long-term sustainability of the area.
Adventures in Puerto Galera: Eco-Tourism, Diving, and Local Flavors
Puerto Galera is best known for its world-class dive sites. Sabang Beach is the hub for diving enthusiasts, offering easy access to vibrant coral reefs, underwater caves, and even shipwrecks. For those who prefer to stay above water, White Beach offers stunning views, pristine sands, and crystal-clear waters, perfect for a relaxing day by the sea. Puerto Galera is also a great place for hiking, with trails leading through the island’s lush forests to hidden waterfalls like Tamaraw Falls.
Food in Puerto Galera is a mix of local Mangyan flavors and influences from nearby regions. Fresh seafood is abundant, and visitors can enjoy dishes like sinigang na isda (fish in a sour tamarind broth) and inihaw na pusit (grilled squid). For a unique souvenir, check out the Mangyan handicrafts, particularly their intricately woven baskets and traditional jewelry made from locally sourced materials.
Travel Tips and Best Time to Visit Puerto Galera
Puerto Galera is easily accessible from Manila. Visitors can take a bus to Batangas Port, followed by a ferry ride to Sabang or Muelle Port in Puerto Galera. The best time to visit is from March to May, when the weather is warm and dry, perfect for beach activities and diving. Visitors are encouraged to support local eco-tourism initiatives by choosing environmentally conscious accommodations and avoiding single-use plastics to help protect the area’s rich biodiversity.
5. Siargao and Bucas Grande Islands Biosphere Reserve: Surfing Meets Sustainability
Biodiversity and Cultural Heritage of Siargao and Bucas Grande
The Siargao and Bucas Grande Islands Biosphere Reserve in the northeastern part of Mindanao is known for its pristine beaches, mangroves, and rich marine life. Siargao, often hailed as the Surfing Capital of the Philippines, boasts diverse ecosystems that include seagrass beds, mangrove forests, and coral reefs. These ecosystems support a wide variety of marine species, such as stingless jellyfish found in Tojoman Lagoon and the elusive dugong, a close relative of the manatee. The surrounding mangrove forests also serve as important nurseries for fish and other marine life, highlighting the region’s biodiversity.
Culturally, Siargao and Bucas Grande are home to various indigenous groups and fishing communities who have relied on the sea for their livelihoods for generations. Traditional practices, such as fishing with hand-woven nets and building balangay boats, have been passed down through the centuries. These communities maintain a close connection with nature, blending ancient traditions with modern sustainability efforts to ensure the islands’ natural resources are preserved for future generations.
Conservation Efforts and Challenges: Balancing Tourism with Sustainability
The popularity of Siargao as a surfing destination has led to a significant increase in tourism, which, while beneficial for the local economy, has also posed challenges for conservation. The island’s infrastructure has struggled to keep pace with the rapid development of resorts, restaurants, and surf schools, leading to concerns about waste management, water consumption, and habitat destruction. However, local governments and non-profit organizations have taken steps to address these issues.
Initiatives like “Siargao It Up,” a campaign focused on promoting eco-friendly tourism practices, encourage businesses and visitors alike to adopt sustainable habits, such as reducing plastic waste and conserving water. Bucas Grande, known for its Sohoton Cove and stingless jellyfish sanctuaries, faces similar challenges, particularly in balancing conservation with tourism growth.
Conservation efforts in Bucas Grande are centered around protecting its delicate marine ecosystems, with regulations in place to limit the number of tourists visiting sensitive areas. These efforts aim to ensure that the islands’ natural beauty and biodiversity remain intact for future generations.
Eco-Tourism Adventures: Surfing, Caves, and Lagoons
Siargao’s reputation as a surfing mecca is well-earned. The world-famous Cloud 9 offers some of the best surf breaks in the world, attracting surfers from across the globe. But even if you’re not into surfing, there’s plenty to do in Siargao. The island is dotted with hidden lagoons, caves, and natural pools, perfect for a day of island-hopping and exploration. Sugba Lagoon is a must-visit spot, where you can paddleboard or kayak through crystal-clear waters surrounded by lush mangroves.
Over in Bucas Grande, the Sohoton Cove National Park is the crown jewel of eco-tourism. Visitors can navigate through limestone caves, swim in hidden lagoons, and marvel at the stingless jellyfish that call these waters home. The area is also a haven for birdwatchers, with several species of migratory birds passing through the islands each year. After a day of exploration, visitors can enjoy fresh seafood and local delicacies like kinilaw (raw fish marinated in vinegar and spices) and lechon (roast pig), which are staples of the local cuisine.
Getting There and When to Visit
Siargao is accessible via direct flights from Manila and Cebu, with regular ferries connecting the island to nearby Surigao City. The best time to visit is between March and October, with September being the peak of the surfing season when international surf competitions are held. For a more tranquil experience, Bucas Grande offers a more laid-back atmosphere, with the best time to visit between April and June, when the seas are calm, and the jellyfish are most active.
6. Pamisulan Biosphere Reserve: A Lesser-Known Paradise for Eco-Tourists
Biodiversity and Cultural Riches of Pamisulan
Nestled in Zamboanga Del Sur in the southern part of the Philippines, the Pamisulan Biosphere Reserve remains one of the country’s best-kept secrets when it comes to biodiversity. It is an ecological treasure trove, featuring diverse ecosystems ranging from coastal mangroves to pristine rainforests. The area is home to several endemic species of flora and fauna, many of which are unique to the region.
Marine life flourishes along the coastlines, where seagrass beds and coral reefs provide habitats for numerous species of fish, sea turtles, and even dolphins. Beyond its ecological significance, Pamisulan is also rich in cultural history. The indigenous communities in the area, who have lived in harmony with nature for centuries, play a vital role in the region’s conservation. Their traditional ecological knowledge has been passed down through generations, shaping sustainable practices that continue to protect the natural resources of Pamisulan.
The cultural heritage of the indigenous peoples, which includes unique rituals, dances, and oral traditions, remains deeply connected to the natural environment. Visitors are often mesmerized by the profound respect these communities hold for their surroundings, which makes Pamisulan not just a place of ecological wonder, but also of cultural significance.
Conservation Efforts and Challenges: Safeguarding an Unknown Paradise
The relative obscurity of Pamisulan has allowed much of its natural beauty to remain untouched by mass tourism. However, with growing awareness about the area’s biodiversity, the region faces new challenges in balancing conservation with the influx of visitors. Conservation initiatives have been spearheaded by local governments and NGOs, focusing on protecting the diverse ecosystems and promoting sustainable livelihoods for the local communities.
One of the key aspects of these efforts is the Community-Based Forest Management Program, which empowers local residents to take an active role in conservation, ensuring that the forest and marine resources are managed responsibly. Despite these efforts, the reserve faces challenges such as illegal logging, overfishing, and the potential impact of development projects. With limited infrastructure and funding for large-scale conservation initiatives, the local communities are often left to defend their resources from outside threats.
Yet, the indigenous peoples of Pamisulan have consistently demonstrated resilience and ingenuity in their approach to protecting the environment. They have successfully lobbied for stronger environmental protections, while also raising awareness about the importance of preserving the biodiversity of their homeland.
Eco-Tourism in Pamisulan: Discovering Untouched Biodiversity
Pamisulan Biosphere Reserve is known for its lush forests and diverse ecosystems, making it a perfect spot for trekking and hiking. Visitors can explore trails that take them through tropical rainforests, bamboo groves, and hills with panoramic views of the surrounding areas and enjoy its biodiversity. Local guides can enhance your experience by pointing out native plants, trees, and wildlife species like birds, insects, and small mammals endemic to the area.
The reserve is a haven for birdwatchers, with several endemic species such as the Philippine eagle, hornbills, and colorful kingfishers that can be spotted in the wild. Mornings are the best time to explore for birdwatching tours. Lakewood, which is near the reserve, offers opportunities for kayaking, boating, and fishing. The tranquil waters are surrounded by dense forests, providing a peaceful experience for nature lovers. The rivers in the reserve also have clean, flowing water perfect for river trekking or cooling down after a day of exploration.
Engage with local communities, especially the Subanen Indigenous people, who play a significant role in the area’s conservation efforts. Visitors can learn about their traditions, crafts, and daily life, making it a meaningful cultural experience. Pamisulan is home to various agricultural activities, such as cacao farms and rubber plantations. You can participate in guided tours of these farms, learn how they produce sustainable goods, and even get hands-on experience in farming activities like planting or harvesting.
Sutukil, a traditional meal featuring Sugba (grilled fish), Tula (fish soup), and Kilaw (ceviche). This combination dish highlights the region’s fresh seafood, and it’s a common meal served in local eateries. A Subanen delicacy, Panyalam is a sweet rice cake made with ground rice, sugar, and coconut milk. It’s a must-try if you’re looking to taste something unique to the indigenous culture.
Suman sa Lihiya is a sticky rice delicacy wrapped in banana leaves and usually served with a coconut caramel sauce. It’s a perfect snack or dessert after a day of exploration. Tiyula Itum, a Zamboanga specialty, this dish is a flavorful black soup made with beef, spices, and toasted coconut, giving it a distinct smoky flavor. It reflects the rich cultural influences in the region.
Logistics and Travel Tips: How to Access Pamisulan
Getting to the Pamisulan Biosphere Reserve requires a bit of planning, as it is more remote compared to other biosphere reserves in the Philippines. Reaching Pamisulan is an adventure in itself! The Pamisulan Biosphere Reserve is located in the southern Philippines, specifically in the province of Zamboanga del Sur on the island of Mindanao. This biosphere reserve encompasses various landscapes, including forests, coastal areas, and agricultural zones, making it a vital site for biodiversity conservation and eco-tourism.
The best time to visit Pamisulan is during the dry season, from November to April, when the weather is ideal for outdoor activities like hiking and snorkeling. It’s important to pack light but durable gear, as many of the eco-tours involve trekking through rough terrain. Visitors should also bring reusable water bottles and eco-friendly products to minimize their environmental impact during their stay. Local guides, often from the indigenous communities, are highly recommended, as they offer invaluable knowledge about the area and its biodiversity.
Conclusion: Exploring the Philippines’ Biodiversity Through Its UNESCO Biosphere Reserves
As we journey through the Philippines’ UNESCO-declared Biosphere Reserves, it becomes clear just how deeply interconnected biodiversity, culture, and conservation are in these breathtaking regions. From the marine wonders of Verde Island Passage to the rich cultural heritage of Palawan, the volcanic majesty of Albay, the coral reefs of Puerto Galera, the surf paradise of Siargao, and the tranquil beauty of Pamisulan, each biosphere reserve tells a unique story.
These areas offer not only an unparalleled opportunity to experience nature at its finest but also a chance to engage with the communities who have nurtured and protected these environments for generations. Conserving these rich ecosystems is not just the responsibility of local authorities and indigenous peoples but of all visitors and nature lovers. The natural beauty of these biosphere reserves can only be sustained through responsible tourism, continued conservation efforts, and global awareness of the biodiversity that thrives in these corners of the Philippines.
As you plan your next adventure, consider the impact you have on the places you visit. By choosing eco-friendly activities, supporting local initiatives, and respecting the land and sea, we can all contribute to the preservation of these biodiversity-rich environments, ensuring that future generations can continue to marvel at their wonders.
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